Kubernetes and Its Importance:
Kubernetes is a platform that automates the deployment, scaling, and management of containerized applications.
It's crucial for managing complex applications at scale, ensuring high availability and reliability.
Difference Between Docker Swarm and Kubernetes:
Docker Swarm is simpler, focused on easy setup and operation, but has fewer features.
Kubernetes is more complex but offers advanced features like automatic scaling, rolling updates, and self-healing, making it suitable for large-scale deployments.
Kubernetes Network Communication Between Containers:
Kubernetes gives each pod a unique IP address, enabling seamless communication between pods.
It manages networking through Services, Ingress controllers, and Network Policies.
Kubernetes Scaling of Applications:
Kubernetes automatically adjusts the number of running pods based on demand.
This ensures the application can handle varying workloads without manual intervention.
Kubernetes Deployment vs. ReplicaSet:
A Deployment manages ReplicaSets and provides capabilities like rolling updates and rollbacks.
A ReplicaSet ensures a specified number of pod replicas are running but doesn’t manage updates or rollbacks.
Rolling Updates in Kubernetes:
Rolling updates replace old versions of pods with new ones gradually, ensuring zero downtime.
This allows for smooth application upgrades without disrupting service.
Kubernetes Network Security and Access Control:
Kubernetes uses Network Policies to control pod-to-pod traffic and Ingress controllers to manage external access.
Role-Based Access Control (RBAC) restricts access to resources based on user roles.
Deploying a Highly Available Application in Kubernetes:
Deploying multiple replicas of an application across different nodes ensures availability even if some nodes fail.
Kubernetes handles load balancing and failover, maintaining application availability.
Kubernetes Namespace and Default Behavior:
A Namespace is a way to organize resources in a cluster, isolating different environments or teams.
If no namespace is specified, the pod is created in the
defaultnamespace.
Ingress in Kubernetes:
Ingress manages external HTTP and HTTPS access to services, providing load balancing and SSL termination.
It simplifies routing traffic to the correct services within the cluster.
Different Types of Services in Kubernetes:
ClusterIP: Exposes a service within the cluster.
NodePort: Exposes a service on a specific port on each node's IP.
LoadBalancer: Exposes a service externally using a cloud provider's load balancer.
ExternalName: Maps a service to an external DNS name.
Self-Healing in Kubernetes:
Kubernetes automatically restarts failed pods, replaces and reschedules them on healthy nodes.
It ensures the application remains running and healthy without manual intervention.
Kubernetes Storage Management:
Kubernetes abstracts storage with Persistent Volumes (PVs) and Persistent Volume Claims (PVCs), providing persistent storage to containers.
It supports dynamic provisioning and management of storage resources.
NodePort Service in Kubernetes:
NodePort exposes a service on a specific port on each node’s IP, allowing external access.
Users can access the service via
<NodeIP>:<NodePort>.
Multinode vs. Single-Node Cluster in Kubernetes:
A Single-Node Cluster runs all components on one machine, typically used for development or testing.
A Multinode Cluster distributes components across multiple machines, providing high availability and scalability.
Difference Between Create and Apply in Kubernetes:
kubectl createis used to create resources from scratch.kubectl applyis used to update or create resources declaratively, allowing changes to be managed over time.
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